It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that: the younger son of Muhayysah was found slain one morning at the gate of one morning at the gates of Khaibar. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Bring two witnesses to (say) who killed him, and he will hand him over to you." He said: "O Messenger of Allah, where shall I get two witnesses? He was found slain in the morning at their gates." He said: "Will you swear fifty oaths?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can I swear concerning something I do not know?" The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Then will you accept fifty oaths from them?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can we accept their oaths when they are Jews?" So the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) told them (the Jews) to pay the Diyah and he would help them with half."

It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said: "A man was killed during the time of the Messenger of Allah, and the Killer was brought to the Prophet. He handed him over to the heir of the victim, but the killer said: 'O Messenger of Allah, by Allah I did not means to kill him.' The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to the next of kin: 'If he is telling the truth and you kill him, you will go to the Fire.' So he let him go. He had been tied with a string and he went out dragging his string, so he became known as Dhul-Nis'ah (the one with the string).

It was narrated from 'Alqamah binWa'il Al-Hadrami that his farther said: A man who had killed someone was brought to the Messenger of Allah, and he was brought by the heir of the victim. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him. 'Will you forgive him? He said: No.' He said: 'Will you kill him? He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Go away.' Then when he went away, he called him back and said: will you forgive him?' He said: 'No.' He said: 'Will you accept the Diyah? He said: 'No.' He said: 'will you kill him? He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Go away.' Then when he had gone he said: If you forgive him, he will carry your sin and the sin of your companion (the victim)." So he forgave him and let him go." He said: "And I saw him dragging his string."

It was narrated that Wa'il said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when the heir of a victim brought the killer, leading him by a string. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to the heir of the victim: Will you forgive him?' He said: 'No., He said: 'Will you accept Diyah?' He said: 'No.' He said: 'Will you kill him?' He said: 'Yes.' He said" 'Take him away (to kill him).' When he took him and turned away, he turned to those who were with him, and called him back, and said to him: 'Will you forgive him?' He said: No.' He said: 'Will you accept Diyah?' He said: No.' He said: 'Will you kill him?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Take him away.' Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'If you forgive him, he will carry your sin and the sin of your companion (the victim).' So he forgave him and left him, and I was him dragging his string."

A similar report was narrated from 'Alqamah bin Wa'il from his father, from the Prophet. Yahya (one of the narrators) said: "He is better than him." [1]

It was narrated from 'Alqamah bin Wa'il that his father said: "I was sitting with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when a man came with a string around his neck and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, this man and my brother were digging a hole, and he raised his pickax and struck his companion in the head, Killing him. 'The Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'Forgive him,' but he refused and said: 'O Prophet of Allah, this man and my brother were digging a whole, and he raised his pickax and struck his companion in the head, killing him.' The Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'Forgive him,' but he refused, then he stood up and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, this man and my brother were digging a hole, and he raised his pickax and struck his companion in the head, killing him.' The Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'Forgive him,' but he refused. He (the prophet) said: 'Go, but if you kill him, you will be like him. So he took him out, and they called out to him: Didn't you hear what the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said?' So he came back and he said: 'If I kill him will I be like him?' He said: 'Yes. Forgive him.' Then he went out, dragging his string, until he disappeared from our view."

'Alqamah bin Wa'il narrated from his father that he was sitting with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when a man came leading another man by a string. He said: "O Messenger of Allah, this man killed my brother." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him: "Did you kill him?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah even if he did not confess I would have brought proof against him." He said: "Yes, I killed him." He said: "How did you kill him?" He said: "He and I were chopping firewood from a tree and he insulted me, so I got angry and struck him with the ax on the forehead." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Do you have any wealth with which you can pay the Diyah to save yourself?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah, I do not have anything but my ax and my clothes." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him: "Do you think your people will pay to save you?" He said: "I am too insignificant to them for that." He threw the string to the man and said: "Here, thank him." When he turned to go, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If he kills him, he will be like him. "They caught up with the man, and said: "Woe to you! The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'If he kills him, he will be like him. "So he went back to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have been told that you said: 'if he kills him, he will be like him. 'But I only took him because you told me to. He said: 'Don't you want him to carry your sin and the sin of your companion (the victim)?' He said: 'Yes, if that is the case.' He said: 'And that is how it is."'

It was narrated from Simak bin Harb that 'Alqamah bin Wa'il told him that his father said: "I was sitting with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when a man came leading another" (and he narrated) a similar report.

It was narrated from 'Alqamah bin Wa'il that: his father told them that a man who had killed another man was brought to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he handed him over to their of the victim to kill him. Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said to those who were sitting with him: "The killer and the slain will both be in Fire. "A man went after him and told him that, and when he told him that, he left him (let him go). He (the narrator) said: "I saw him dragging his string when he let him go. I mentioned that the Habib and he said: 'Sa'eed bin Ashwa' told me that the Prophet (ﷺ) commanded the man to forgive him."'

It was narrated from Simak, from 'Ikrimah, that Ibn 'Abbas said: "There were (the two tribes of) Quraizah and An-Nadir, and An-Nadir was nobler than Quraiaah. If a man of Quraizah Killed a man of An-Nadir, he would be killed in return, but if a man of An-Nadir killed a man of Quraizah, he would pay a Diyah of one hundred Wasqs of dates. When An-Nadir killed a man of Quraizah, and they said: 'Hand him over to us and we will kill him.' They said: 'Between us and you (as judge) is the Prophet.' So they came to him, then the following was revealed: "And if you judge, judge with justice between them."[3] Al-Qisl (justice) means a soul for a soul. Then the following was revealed: "Do they then seek the judgment of (the days of) Ignorance?"[4]

It was narrated from Dawud hin Al-Husain, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas, that the Verses in AL-Ma'idah, in which Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, says: "Either judge between them, or turn away from them. If you turn away from then up to: those who act justly."[1] - were revealed concerning the matter of blood money between An-Nadir and Quraizah. That was because the slain of An-Nadir were of noble status, so the blood money would be paid in full for them, but for Banu Quraizah only half of the blood money would be paid. They referred the matter to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) for judgment, then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed that concerning them, so the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) told them to do the right thing and he made the blood money equal.

It was narrated from Samurah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever kills his slave, we will kill him: whoever mutilates (his slave). We will mutilate him, and whoever castrates (his slave), we will castrate him."

'Amr bin Dinar narrated that: he heard Tawus narrate from Ibn 'Abbas, from 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that he asked about the ruling of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) concerning that. Hamal bin Malik stood up and said: "I was married to two women, and one of them struck the other with a tent pole and killed her and her fetus. The Prophet (ﷺ) ruled that a slave be given (as Diyah) for her fetus and that she be killed (for killing the other woman)."

It was narrated from Anas bin Malik that: a Jew took some jewelry from a girl, then he crushed her head between two rocks. They found her as she was breathing her last, and they took her around among the people (saying); "Was it this one? Was it this one?" (When) she said yes, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ordered that his head be crushed between two rocks.

It was narrated that Anas bin Malik said: "A girl went out wearing some jewelry and a Jew caught her, crushed her head between two rocks and took the jewelry that she was wearing. She was found as she was breathing her last, and she was brought to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) who said: 'Who killed you? Was it so and so?' She gestured no with her head, and he continued asking until he named the Jew, and she gestured yes with her head. He was caught and he confessed (to his crime), then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ordered that his head be crushed between two rocks."

It was narrated that Ash-Sha'bi said: "I heard Abu Juhaifah say: 'We asked 'Ali: "Do you have anything from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) apart from the Qur'an?" He said: "No, by the One who splits the seeds and creates the soul, unless Allah gives a slave understanding of His Book, or except this sheet." I said: "What is in the sheet?" He said: "In it are (the regulations concerning) blood money and the freeing of captives and (the rule) that no Muslim should be killed for killing a disbeliever."

It was narrated that Abi Hassan said: "Ali said: 'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not tell me anything that he did not tell the people, except what is in a sheet in the sheath of my word.' They did not leave him alone until he brought out the sheet, and in it (were the words): 'The lives of the believers are equal in value, and they hasten to support the asylum granted by the least of them, and they are one against others. But no believer may be killed in return for a disbeliever, nor one with a covenant while his covenant is in effect."

Abu Bakrah said: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever kills a Mu'ahad with no justification, Allah will forbid Paradise to him."

It was narrated that Abu Bakrah said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever kills a Mu'ahad with no justification, Allah will forbid Paradise to him and he will not even smell its fragrance."

It was narrated from Al-Qasim bin Al-Mukhaimirah, from a man among the Companions of the Prophet, that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Whoever kills a man from among Ahl Adh-Dhimmah.[2] he will not smell the fragrance of Paradise, and its fragrance may be detected from a distance of seventy years."